Keeping your deck in great shape is important — not only for safety’s sake but also to protect your investment. The North American Deck & Railing Association has developed a checklist to help homeowners assess the safety and condition of their decks.
1. Decaying wood
Check several different areas of the deck to be sure the wood is still sound. This includes the ledger board (where the deck attaches to the house, and a common source of deck failure), support posts and joists under the deck, deck boards, railings and stairs.
Pay special attention to any areas that tend to remain damp, are regularly exposed to water or are in contact with fasteners. Using an ice pick or a screwdriver, if you can easily penetrate the wood surface one-quarter to one-half inch or if the wood is soft and spongy, decay may be present. Small holes in the wood could indicate insects.
Flashing is a metal or plastic guard that directs water out and away from sensitive areas. Be sure it is firmly in place. Consider adding or replacing it if you notice areas where water is able to collect.
2. Loose fasteners
Fasteners include nails, screws or anchors in the ledger board. Tighten any loose fasteners, and pound in any nails that have popped up. If a fastener appears rusted or corroded, consider replacing it. A corroded fastener can cause deterioration in surrounding wood. The deck or stairs should not sway or move when tested.
3. Railings and stairs
Push on railings and balusters to be sure they are secure, with no give. Also, check to be sure they are high enough. Most codes require a 36-inch-high railing and usually encourage 42-inch-high rails, with balusters no more than 4 to 6 inches apart, to keep small children and pets from squeezing through. This is especially important the higher your deck is off the ground.
Check that railings and posts on stairs are firmly in place; also check that risers are securely attached and not decayed.
Clean away leaves and debris, since these can be slippery and promote mildew. If mildew is present or the deck coating has worn away, apply a new waterproofing coating.
4. Fire safety
Make sure any source of fire, such as grills and fire pits, is safely placed away from flammable surfaces or that the deck surface is protected by a non-flammable pad.
Be sure all lighting works; clean any light covers, and trim any plants or tree limbs that block light. Be sure electrical outlets and appliances are up to code and in good condition and that electrical cords do not present a tripping hazard.
5. Outdoor furniture
Test all outdoor furniture to be sure it’s sturdy. If you have a swing or hammock, test the chains and ropes to be sure they’re secure. Consider installing childproof latches on any storage boxes and benches.
