On Sept. 3, 1189, Richard I, known as Richard the Lion-Hearted, was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey.
In 1783 the Treaty of Paris between the U.S. and Britain ended the Revolutionary War.
In 1939 Britain and France declared war on Germany, two days after the Nazi invasion of Poland.
In 1943 the British 8th Army invaded Italy during World War II, the same day Italy signed a secret armistice with the Allies.
In 1967 motorists in Sweden began driving on the right side of the road instead of the left.
In 1976 the unmanned U.S. spacecraft Viking II landed on Mars to take the first close-up color photographs of the planet’s surface.
In 1978 Pope John Paul I was installed as the 263rd pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church.
In 1989 a Cubana de Aviacion jetliner crashed after takeoff in Havana, killing all 126 aboard and 26 people on the ground.
In 1991 Oscar-winning director Frank Capra (“It’s A Wonderful Life,” “Mr. Smith Goes to Washington”) died at 94 in LaQuinta, Calif.
In 1994 China and Russia proclaimed an end to lingering hostilities and pledged to no longer aim nuclear missiles at each other or to use force against each other.
In 2001 movie critic Pauline Kael died at 82 in Great Barrington, Mass. Also, St. Louis Cardinals pitcher Bud Smith became the 16th rookie in modern history to throw a no-hitter, blanking San Diego 4-0.
In 2004 former President Bill Clinton was hospitalized in New York with chest pains and shortness of breath; he ended up undergoing heart bypass surgery.
