As the operator of a sanctuary for sick and abused former circus and zoo elephants, and with 26 years of experience training, traveling with and living with elephants, I can attest to the fact that elephants used in traveling and performing shows suffer both physically and psychologically.
Elephants have three basic needs: the companionship of family or other elephant friends, freedom to move about and walk long distances, and live vegetation. In the wild, elephants form intricate and lifelong relationships with family members, walk 30 to 50 miles each day, and forage for 20 hours each day.
Life on the road cannot come close to meeting these needs. Elephants in circuses must be chained while traveling. Many are chained in between performances. Most elephant transport containers are not climate-controlled, which leaves the animals exposed to extreme heat and cold. Continual standing on concrete and asphalt leads to foot and joint problems. Neglected, chronically infected nails and footpads caused by years of standing on hard surfaces in feces and urine is the No. 1 killer of captive elephants. The constant change of food supply and water quality disrupts their digestive system.
All that remains for them in such a deprived environment is the company of each other. Yet bonded individuals are separated with no consideration for their feelings.
Elephants used in performances and for rides are dominated to ensure they will perform on command; resistance is met with force. Punishment is commonly in the form of digging a metal bullhook into the sensitive tissue around the ears, feet and mouth. “Problem” elephants are restrained and shocked with electrical currents or struck repeatedly with blunt objects such as baseball bats.
Facilities exhibiting elephants have put profits before the needs of the animals in their care. As a result, the elephants endure a miserable life. If the only way humans can appreciate the gentleness and spirituality of elephants is by imprisoning and tormenting them, the species is doomed. Captive elephants deserve a dignified, nurturing environment with the simple pleasures of freedom and friendships.
